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In rural areas where houses are spaced so far apart that a sewer system would be too expensive to install, homeowners must use their own septic tanks. A septic tank is simply a big concrete or steel tank that is buried in the yard. The tank will hold approximately 1,000 gallons (4,000 liters) of water. Wastewater flows into the tank at one end and leaves the tank at the other. The purpose of a home's subsurface sewage disposal system (septic system) is to dispose of the water generated by the occupants in such a manner that the soils on the property can disperse it without causing an adverse effect on ground water and in turn on public health and the environment.
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